The Impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Industrialization

The Napoleonic wars did have a large impact on industrialization in Britain, the United States and Europe as a result of realizations and actions taken to better their countries after the Napoleonic wars. Although the Industrial Revolution began in Britain during the 1700s it was boosted in the early 1800s after the Napoleonic wars because of reform that was needed. Industrialization then started spreading throughout Europe and into North America in the early 1800s. By the mid-1800s industrialization was widespread. This was all a result, somewhat indirectly of the Napoleonic wars. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain for several reasons. By the mid-1700s, the country had become the worlds leading colonial†¦show more content†¦The Industrial Revolution created an enormous increase in the production of many kinds of goods. Some of this increase in production resulted from the introduction of power-driven machinery and the development of factory organization. This then led to a large influx of people into the cities. Also, as a result of the demands that the British were making the Americans demanded more in their own country. Before the Industrial Revolution some industry existed in Europe, but on a much smaller scale. As industrialization spread throughout Europe so did other things that made for better living conditions. Before industrialization many families worked at home and barely made enough to get by. But after industrialization there were more opportunities for outside work and money. Also, the monarch no longer ruled them and they had a stronger voice in the government. In Conclusion, I think that the Industrial Revolution would have taken place whether or not the Napoleonic wars occurred. However, I think that the Napoleonic wars led to a greater sense of the world that people were living in and it led them to demand more of their lives. Therefore, the Napoleonic wars sped up the process of industrialization, but did not causeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Boss713 Words   |  3 PagesNew England colonies? 4. How did the labor system of white indentured servitude work, and why did plantation owners replace it African slavery? Explain how the African slave trade developed? 5. How did the British victory in the Seven Years War ironically become one of the precipitating causes of the American Revolution? What deeply rooted historical factors moved America towards independence from Britain? 6. What were the primary achievements and failures of the US under the ArticlesRead MoreIndustrialization Research Essay761 Words   |  4 PagesIndustrialization Research Thesis: Lynn MacKays thesis to her argument is that the standard of living during the period of industrialization was closely tied to social and political ramifications between 1780 and 1850 and contemporary opinion concerning the impact of industrialization, and can be clearly seen through the arguments of a number of historians. The government of the time tried to lay back and let the period of industrialization shape the countryRead MoreIn the late eighteenth century, the Industrial Revolution made its debut in Great Britain and900 Words   |  4 Pagessoon led to a higher demand for goods. The new means of production demanded new kinds of skills, new regulation in work, and a large labor force. The goods produced met immediate consumer demand and also created new demands. 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Prohibition Of The 21st Century - 987 Words

Ryan Rothschild Professor Richard Toumey, M.F.A. ENC1102 April 30, 2015 Prohibition in the 21st century? February 2015: Senates from multiple states, such as Minnesota and Maryland, have proposed a bill to lower the drinking age to eighteen†¦ for active members in the military (CBS Baltimore). A definite step forward, but will definitely stir up some trouble. It is not an argument in saying those serving our country should be able to raise a glass to it, but that is not where the trouble comes from. Why not change the drinking age to eighteen for everyone? Shouldn’t everyone live under the same rules? Surely that sounds more fair. The drinking age across the United States should change the drinking age to eighteen because by this age, we are already given a handful of responsibilities such as being able to vote, join the military (without consent), and sign legal documents for yourself, so to add one more responsibility should not be any different. To start things off, what is the difference between someone fighting for our country, and an innocent citizen where one deserves to drink at an earlier age than another? Our troops definitely deserve some benefit for their actions, but lowering the drinking age only applies to the already under-aged. Fair or unfair, this law will definitely anger and make others jealous, and the battle to lower the drinking age will simply never end. Just because someone was sent off to the army does not automatically grant him or her the qualitiesShow MoreRelatedAn Example Of How Society Changed Change1198 Words   |  5 PagesBrianna Perrotta Crim 220-001 Instructor John Murphy Prompt: Discuss an example of how society was changed due to a change in law: Prohibition. The law is changing everyday for many reasons; these reasons may include Alcohol, Drugs, New ideas, Advancements, Government, Economics, Religion, Education, Family life, Recreation, and New technologies. 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Obama’s Election and First 100 Days Free Essays

The American politics proved to be dynamic and changing over the years. The changes was seen huge in a sense that voters no longer consider race and color as a basis on selecting leaders in the country. Many people across the globe are even greatly involved of the latest presidential election since changes in public opinion are evident. We will write a custom essay sample on Obama’s Election and First 100 Days or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the context of Obama’s election and the first one hundred days of his service as President of the country, we may analyze the American politics in terms of voting behavior, public opinion, elections and political parties. Primarily, the election of Obama as the President can be attributed to his desire to serve the country. Being a community organizer and tough politician in Chicago, he was able to develop a political clout that brought him to where he is now. He is prepared to face the challenges before he ventured into the highest executive post in the country. It is difficult to analyze the development of American politics without understanding the behavior of candidates since it is a factor that affects winning the most coveted seat in American political leadership. In the case of Obama, he persuaded some influential politicians that could endorse him into the presidency. In other words, the determination of Barack Obama to defy all things that would prevent him to win in the presidential elections helped him legally seized power from the past President. Thus, within two years up to his candidacy, he made sure that he would not be involved on nasty and huge political issues to build a name for the voters to choose during the elections. In connection, there are additional factors that led to the victory of Barack Obama in the Presidential elections. These factors include voting behavior, public opinion, election machineries and political parties. In terms of voting behavior, it is apparent that voters are more aware of their rights as well as benefits compared to the past. When Barack Obama rendered his electrifying speech at the Democratic National Convention four years ago, voters and commentators stated that Barack Obama would become the first black President of America (Liberty Lounge 1). This comment catapulted voters to watch over their new leadership prospect and decide to take side on him. The behavior of the voting public is glued on the possibility of electing a black President since Barack Obama was able to shield himself from political detractors along the way. Even young children are aware of the popularity of Barack Obama which made their parents think of the possibility of making him the next President of the country. With that, young voters showed a huge difference in the presidential elections. In fact, young voters volunteered to organize campaign activities for Obama and aided in raising funds for his political machinery. The efforts of these young people contributed so much for the election of the first black President. Many voters also gave comments that the election of Obama is revolutionary, historic, and record breaking. Gone are the days when elections for President are for white Americans only. The American voters are now willing to entrust their future to a black leader in a country wherein race and color resulted to chaos and dilemmas so many years ago. This phenomenon is historic and revolutionary because its huge impact to the voters marked the start of gaining more cooperation, freedom and liberty. On the other hand, public opinion shaped and molded the way for Barack Obama to be elected as President. The role of the news media on his success is vital since the voters could not have considered voting him if not for the massive campaign through news media and other channels of public information. In fact, modern technology magnified the candidacy of Barack Obama. It is also undeniable that Obama expertly utilized interactive social technology. Other means of electoral campaign for Obama includes employing blogs, click-to-donate tools, phone brigade, text brigade, door-to-door campaigns, and even online updates on the election (Sarmiento 1). Besides, presidential and vice-presidential debates that are televised aided voters in choosing their candidates for the elections. Above all, the television media, radio, and print media has done their job well in keeping the electorate informed on the differences of the official candidates for President in America. Hence, public opinion easily shaped the choice of the people for their leader. With respect to political parties in relation to American politics, it is worth to mention that there is a shift from Republican to Democratic. It is clear that citizens and individuals in the United States nowadays were aligned to Democratic Party principles in terms of their political orientation. In the year 2008, majority of the voters leaned to the Democratic Party (Sarmiento 1). The fact is that there were 29 states and the District of Columbia which are involved with increased Democratic Party affiliation (Liberty Lounge 1). Barack Obama is identified with the Democrats and was chosen by the majority of the citizens in the country. In American politics, the aspect of public opinion, political parties, electoral campaigns, and electoral behavior. In these past few days within the first one hundred days period of the leadership of Obama, it is apparent that these aspects of American politics are identifiable. We take a closer look on the results of the electoral behavior and public opinion after the elections. Since Obama inherited economic problems from the past President, he faced tremendous scrutiny from the public on how he would carry on despite the problems. Many activists warned the new administration to refrain from overreaching to the people. It is evident that within the first one hundred days of Obama as President, he started implementing policies in order to save the economy which was questioned by some people. He also initiated the repair of the broken healthcare system, ending two wars, fixing poverty and inequality dilemmas, and wiping the stained US reputation in the world. Although the presence of both Democratic Party and Republican Party within the American political system stimulated the political processes, there is no way to prevent Obama in implementing his ways to improve the country. As conclusion, it is evident that Obama won the elections because of his charismatic aura and ability to render electrifying speeches. This also includes the apparent willingness to inherit economic problems from the past administration and to help the people cope up with the crises. The American political system has also changed from being conservative to a more revolutionary one. Race and color is no longer a barrier in attaining political power in the country. Hence, Obama’s election and first one hundred days may be tremendously scrutinized, yet it marked the start of more revolutionary governance in consonance to the will of solving economic problems as a primary goal. Works Cited â€Å"Analysis: Organization, strategy keys to Obama victory†. 5 November 2008. Liberty Lounge. 4 May 2009 http://www.libertylounge.net/forums/36978-post-election-analysis-why-obama-won.html.. Sarmiento, Rene. â€Å"10 Lessons Learned from the US Presidential Elections†. 19 January 2009. ABS-CBN News. 4 May 2009 http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/features/01/19/09/10-lessons-learned-us-presidential-elections . How to cite Obama’s Election and First 100 Days, Papers

A Conceptual Difference Between Theoretical - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the A Conceptual Difference Between Theoretical. Answer: Introduction The rate of people being affected due to the excessive winters has been increased almost three times than 2010-11 and therefore, to overcome the chances of epidemic, the NHS headquarter has urged the 1.4 million staffs to receive flu jabs as soon as possible (Campbell Brindle, 2017). Discussion The chairperson of NHS England Prof Sir Malcolm Grant has admitted the fear of epidemic and therefore they want to prepare themselves to overcome 8000 annual deaths. NHS England wrote letter to 234 NHS trusts to influence their employees for flu jab. Total 21 million people all over England received the flu jab to stop the flu epidemic (Campbell Brindle, 2017). Conclusion As 133 people died in last winters in England, due to direct and indirect effect of flu, the NHS headquarter is using its best strategy to spread the awareness throughout the country to receive flu jabs. This strategy is going to affect 21 million lives. Cornell format Cue Column Note-taking Column 1. Record: NHS employees to receive flu jab to escape flu epidemic. 2. Questions: 1. How many people are affected with the flu epidemic? 2. What strategy the NHS bosses has applied to spread the awareness in NHS staffs throughout the England? 3. Recite: 1. Nearly 21 million people are affected with winter flu. 2. The NHS headquarter has sent letter regarding the flu jab to all 234 NHS offices throughout England to receive flu jabs. 4. Reflect: These facts are significant as health of 1.4 million NHS workers are important to spread the awareness throughout England. Sending letter to NHS offices will made them aware of the seriousness of the situation. 5. Review: it can be said that UK is highly affected with excessive winters and risk of flu has increased the fear among the NHS higher authorities as well Summary NHS England wrote letter to its 234 NHS offices to spread awareness among employees to receive flu jab. This was to done to protect them against the epidemic of flu. Mind Map Source 2 Introduction In the spring budget, 1 billion was allotted for the adult social care. This extra money was to spend by the local authority like the Better Care Fund (BCF) however; it was not a part of BCF and can be pooled with it to provide better care to patients (The King's Fund, 2017). Discussion This extra money can be used to decrease the rate of delayed discharges, which was 37% last year. Further implication will be spending the money as national living wage as level of needs are higher in some places. Therefore, dilemma is between spending the money as NHS or as social care (The King's Fund, 2017). Conclusion As the government has declared that to commence a long-term reform, social reform will be necessary and therefore the money will be used for social care welfare. Cue Column Note-taking Column 1. Record: Using 1 billion to reform social structure 2. Questions: 1. What are the choices for spending 1 billion extra money? 2. Which is the proper choice for spending this extra money? 3. Recite: 1. Spending the money for health purpose such as NHS or BCF and spending it for social reform are the choices for spending this extra money. 2. Spending money on the social reform is important, as NHS budget is capable for providing health benefits to deprived population. 4. Reflect: This extra money is significant for the development of awareness regarding heath throughout England. Furthermore using this money for the NHS development will provide the authorities to save the 6.8 million provided for NHS related problems. 5. Review: The extra money provided in the spring budget is dedicated for adult social care and using the money for social reform will be appropriate. Summary The extra money provided by the government will help to provide better care to elders in the UK society. Cornell format Mind Map Source 3 Introduction Increasing tuition fees in England is one of the major problems the students and their parents are facing nowadays (BBC News, 2017). Discussion Regardless the fact, the government has started scrutinizing the tuition fees and making sure, this does not raise above 9,250. Reduced income would mean fewer places, which is likely to mean fewer students from disadvantaged families (BBC News, 2017). Conclusion The labours proposal to pay fee through taxation are among the suggestions that have led the scrutiny commence against tuition as rising fees can be devastating for children as well as parents. Cornels format Cue Column Note-taking Column 1. Record: Scrutiny against tuition centres in UK 2. Questions: Why it is a problem in UK? What will be the benefit of such process? 3. Recite: 3. Increasing tuition fees are burden for students and their parents, as they have to spend more than 21,000 since 2012. 4. Scrutinizing will help the government to keep track of the price hike and they will try to stop it below 9,250. 4. Reflect: This is significant, as increasing fee structure can be inhibitory for maximum of the deprived students. 5. Review: the government is trying to stop the increase of tuition rates by scrutinizing such hikes in the fee structure. Summary Scrutiny of the increasing tuition fees are helpful in understanding the level of corruption within the country. Mind map Source 4 In 1957, the European Economic Community (EEC) was established, however, the treaty was not fruitful and the nations were on the verge of war. Further, in 1973, UK applied to be a part of EEC; however, it came to a situation to back out in 1975. That year, the first referendum was introduced and 67 percent people voted that UK should be a part of EEC. Many more tensions exploded between EEC and UK and the battle was not just for beef, the war was about chocolates. First time the government was able to create support for independent UK was in 2013. However, the leaders were renegotiating EU-UK relations; the people of UK voted in the favor of brexit by 71 percent, which came into action in October 2016, when Theresa may announced the exit of Britain from EU (History, 2017). Assessment 3 The aim of the Welsh government was to increase the amount of people, who can donate their organs to the people in need. There are more than 7000 people, who are in wait list for organ transplant and nearly three people die due to shortage of proper organs. Benefits of the opt-out system is individuals, who want to change their decision of donating organ can opt out easily form the service. They will not feel pressurized by the health department and will be able to change their views according to their mental state. Deemed consent is known as an understanding between the government and its laws and the people of the country. This consent does not force any employee to receive any pressure regarding to organ donation and the individual can take part in organ donation according to their mental state. According to the reports of wales government, the support for the opt-out system has been increased. The percentage of people who were in the support of the legislation, before implementation was 71%, however, after implementation 85 percent people have shown their support to the system. A huge number of people, around 64 percent had registered themselves in the process of organ donation with deemed consent (Welsh Government, 2017). After the successful implementation of opt in and opt out laws about organ donation in Ireland and wales, England, Scotland and Northern Ireland are also preparing to adopt the policy in the state. Success of deemed consent (64 consents were deemed consent within 160 organ transplant in 2017), provided the other nations in the UK to implement the law in their health department (BBC News, 2017). Fact: a piece of information, which can be used as evidence or can be used to prove the truthfulness of any information. (Imenda, 2014) Opinion: Opinion is a judgment or comment about something or someone, not based on facts or examples (Imenda, 2014). Fact: More than 64 percent of consents were deemed consent for organ transplant. 7000 people had to wait for their organ transplant every year (BBC News, 2017). Opinion: People in UK are not willing to donate their organ, which is causing organ transplant related deaths. Deemed consent will help the donor to stabilize his/her mindset regarding organ donation. References BBC News. (2017). Five things that could happen next with tuition fees. BBC News. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/education-41308396 BBC News. (2017). Why opt-out organ donation is not UK-wide. BBC News. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-40456253 Campbell, Brindle. (2017). NHS urges 1.4m staff to have flu jab to reduce risk of epidemic. the Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/oct/12/nhs-urges-14m-staff-flu-jab-reduce-risk-epidemic History. (2017). The History Behind Brexit. HISTORY.com. Retrieved from https://www.history.com/news/the-history-behind-brexit Imenda, S. (2014). Is There a Conceptual Difference between Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks?. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi/Journal of Social Sciences, 38(2). The King's Fund. (2017). Allocating social care funds: difficult decisions ahead. The King's Fund. Retrieved from https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/blog/2017/04/allocating-social-care-funds Welsh Government. (2017). Welsh Government|Support for the opt-out system of organ donation in Wales is high, says new report. Gov.wales. Retrieved from https://gov.wales/newsroom/health-and-social-services/2017/171204report/?lang=en

Aristophanes Theory Of Love In The Symposium Essays -

Aristophanes' Theory Of Love In The Symposium 2. Aristophanes' Theory of love: from Plato's Symposium The love as discussed by the characters in the Symposium is homosexual love. Some assumed that homosexuality alone is capable of satisfying ?a man's highest and noblest aspirations?. Whereas heterosexual love is placed at an inferior level, being described as only existing for carnal reasons; its ultimate purpose being procreation. There are differing views in these dialogues, Aristophanes contradicts his peers by treating heterosexuality at the same level as homosexuality, arguing that both are predestined. Aristophanes considered himself as the comic poet and he began his discourse as such. Yet as the speech continued, he professed to open another vein of discourse; he had a mind to praise Love in another way, unlike that of either Pausanias or Eryximachus. ?Mankind?, he said, ?judging by their neglect of him, have never at all understood the power of Love?. He argued that if they had understood him they would have built noble temples and altars, and offered solemn sacrifices in his honor. He sought to describe his power and wanted to teach the rest of the world what he was teaching at that moment. Aristophanes spoke first of the nature of man and what had become of it. He said that human nature had changed: The sexes were originally three in number; there was man, woman, and the union of the two. At one time there was a distinct kind, with a bodily shape and a name of its own, constituted by the union of the male and the female: but now only the word 'androgynous' remains, and that as a term of reproach. Aristophanes proceeded by telling an anecdote about the terrible might and strength of mankind and how ?the thoughts of their hearts were so great that they made an attack upon the gods?, leaving the celestial councils to decide whether or not to kill them. Zeus found a solution, and decided to cut them in two so as to divide their strength. As he cut them one after another, he bade Apollo give the face and the half of the neck a turn in order that man might contemplate the section of himself: he would thus learn a lesson of humility. He made all the forms complete except in the region of the belly and navel, as a memorial of the primeval state. Aristophanes continued his discourse in a vein of seriousness and brought forth an important truth. He related the division the two parts of man, each desiring his other half and dying from hunger and self-neglect because they did not do anything apart, to love as a need. Since when one of the halves died and the other survived, the survivor sought another mate, man or woman. The anecdote continued with Zeus, in pity, inventing a new plan: having males generating in the females so that by the mutual embraces of man and woman they might breed, and the race might continue. Or, equally so, if man came to man they might be satisfied and go about their ways to the business of life. Aristophanes was trying to demonstrate that our original nature was to search for our other half, to make one of two and to heal the state of man. Aristophanes thus demonstrated that man was always looking for his other half and this need was perhaps more than purely physical. There was also a longing to regain some lost happiness. ?Such a nature is prone to love and ready to return love, always embracing that which is akin to him.? Aristophanes described that when one half met with his other half the pair became lost in an amazement of love, friendship and intimacy, and spent their whole lives together. Yet they could not explain what they desired of one another. He added that the intense yearning which each of them had towards the other was not that of the lover's intercourse, but of something else which the soul of either evidently desired and could not explain. The reason Aristophanes gave to this need was that human nature was originally one and we were all a whole, and the desire and pursuit of the whole is called love. It was because of the wickedness of mankind that God had dispersed us. Aristophanes eventually adopted a sober tone in his speech and asks to be taken seriously. He applied his anecdote to include men and women everywhere, and proposed that if mankind's love were perfectly accomplished, and each being

Free Essays on Personal Worth In Remains Of The Day

Mr. Stevens’ journey across the countryside coincided with his journey through his career in search of affirmation of dignity and having served a noble cause- or rather, a noble man of dignified morals. Stevens, like the majority of society, wants to find purpose in his life. Just as everyone looks back on their careers hoping that they did something worthwhile with their life, Stevens does as well- hoping that he made a difference. During his drive, Stevens begins to recall his time under Lord Darlington’s service and thinks back about what kind of employer he was. Stevens encounters and recalls several individuals during his journey who make assumptions about Stevens and instead of being outright honest, Stevens blatantly deceives these people. While there are consistent points of deception throughout Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day, they are primarily those of Stevens deceiving himself about his time and service under Lord Darlington. It is only at three major points in the novel which Stevens blatantly deceives others. Stevens’s ideas about dignity and his service under Lord Darlington must be examined in order to gain a better understanding of why he felt the need to reminisce- evaluating his career- and why he blatantly deceived others. According to both the Hayes Society and Mr. Stevens â€Å"‘great’ butlers are distinguished by their ‘dignity’† (p. 33). Although one of Stevens’ colleagues claims that dignity is comprised of something one either possesses or does not simply by a ‘fluke of nature’, Stevens’ disagrees, arguing, â€Å"dignity is something one can meaningfully strive for throughout one’s career† (p. 33). Stevens looks at his career, wondering if he strove hard enough to achieve the status of a ‘good butler’ and if he was dignified. As he journeys cross-country Stevens attempts to analyze his greatness, â€Å"It is surely a professional responsibility for all of u... Free Essays on Personal Worth In Remains Of The Day Free Essays on Personal Worth In Remains Of The Day Mr. Stevens’ journey across the countryside coincided with his journey through his career in search of affirmation of dignity and having served a noble cause- or rather, a noble man of dignified morals. Stevens, like the majority of society, wants to find purpose in his life. Just as everyone looks back on their careers hoping that they did something worthwhile with their life, Stevens does as well- hoping that he made a difference. During his drive, Stevens begins to recall his time under Lord Darlington’s service and thinks back about what kind of employer he was. Stevens encounters and recalls several individuals during his journey who make assumptions about Stevens and instead of being outright honest, Stevens blatantly deceives these people. While there are consistent points of deception throughout Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day, they are primarily those of Stevens deceiving himself about his time and service under Lord Darlington. It is only at three major points in the novel which Stevens blatantly deceives others. Stevens’s ideas about dignity and his service under Lord Darlington must be examined in order to gain a better understanding of why he felt the need to reminisce- evaluating his career- and why he blatantly deceived others. According to both the Hayes Society and Mr. Stevens â€Å"‘great’ butlers are distinguished by their ‘dignity’† (p. 33). Although one of Stevens’ colleagues claims that dignity is comprised of something one either possesses or does not simply by a ‘fluke of nature’, Stevens’ disagrees, arguing, â€Å"dignity is something one can meaningfully strive for throughout one’s career† (p. 33). Stevens looks at his career, wondering if he strove hard enough to achieve the status of a ‘good butler’ and if he was dignified. As he journeys cross-country Stevens attempts to analyze his greatness, â€Å"It is surely a professional responsibility for all of u...

OSHA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

OSHA - Research Paper Example OSHA input in the working sector has seen the U.S employment doubled to over 130 million employees within the 7.2 or more worksites. The rate of recorded serious workplace illnesses and injuries has significantly dropped from10 per 100 employees in 1972 to about 3.5 per 100 employees in 2010. OSHA has a set of standards which cover the following cases: fall protection, asbestos, cotton dust, trenching, benzene, machine guarding, lead and blood borne pathogens. However, U.S still experiences many preventable fatalities and injuries linked to numerous hazards and unsafe condition that continue to exist within work places. This works serves to detail on OSHA fines, stricture and organization. Any individual operating in a construction or manufacturing industry should certainly be aware of Occupational Safety & Health Administration, or simply OSHA. OSHA exists to ensure safe working conditions as well as inform both the employer and employees, through citations, of the various regulations and standards that have supposedly been violated. It goes further to propose time limits for parties involved to correct the supposed hazards or, otherwise, they face the concomitant fines and penalties. Discussed below are some of the citations, penalties that they attract, and a case of Philadelphia building collapse where OSHA proposed some heavy fines to the responsible contractor (Hunter 12). In the event an OSHA officer discovers a violation that has a one to one linkage to job safety and health, but perhaps would not result to death or life-threatening physical harm, the maximum fine for this violation is $7000. Secondly, if the violation is significant to the extent that it may result to death or severe physical harm, and that the employer was aware of the violation, or should have been aware of the danger, the maximum proposed fine stands similar to the previous one at $7000. However, unlike the previous violation,

Wedding.com Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wedding.com Case Analysis - Essay Example There are four major aspects that Jessica needs to re-evaluate in website design and market strategy: Effective Website layout; SWOT analysis; brand creation; and effective marketing with focus on Porter’s 4Ps. The wedding website needs to be vibrant and colourful so that it sends the message of great romance. While interactive and e-commerce features should be intrinsic part of the website, Jessica needs to incorporate more pictures of the happy couples in the honeymoon destinations to attract prospective brides and grooms. Honeymoon packages at discounted price should become one of the important features of the website. It should also cater to various other requirements of the couple as well as for those who need to get wedding gifts. The website needs to showcase the products and services to attract the future customers and meet their individual demand through customised features of the interactive website. Jessica needs to research the details regarding the strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that the wedding events come across and then incorporate them into her website. The brand creation has been another successful strategy that would bring in committed customers. ‘Brand building is needed because products are the same’ (Kotler, 2005). Market strategies try to promote their goods and services by creating brands that guarantees the customers of getting high quality goods and services at a price that a customer is willing to pay for. Today the concept of market has changed so much so that instead of customer going to the ‘product’, the product ‘comes’ to the customer. In other words, virtual markets have facilitated the availability of the product much easier with the concept of ‘home delivery’ becoming a reality. Though the localized market still has scope but the unlimited potential of the internet market must be tapped in order to remain afloat in the fast

Parking at uncg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Parking at uncg - Essay Example This has meant that students have to pay substantially high charges (up to 2$ for the first hour then 1$/hour, and all day 7$) if at all they are very lucky to find an available parking space (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro 1-2). The result of this dire situation has been the incessant lateness to classes as students struggle to find empty spaces to park their vehicles. Even as the university strives to achieve its growth and expansion objectives, I strongly believe that the expansion of parking spaces should go in tandem with the overall growth of the university (Ison& Rye 23-29). There is a need for a new thinking on how people get into and out of the university. According to a survey conducted on commuting students and staff, it was found that about 80% of people now drive alone into the university. The fact that the university allows any person to purchase a permit and secure a parking slot in the university parking facilities means that there is stiff competition among freshmen, on-campus students and individuals residing near the campus. The lack of parking has affected student participation in extra-curricular activities. Nevertheless, the problem of parking has no effect on the performance of student in class. For example, a recent study have shown that lack of parking space has been causes the cancellation memberships to recreational clubs. The problem of parking spaces in campus can be attributed to the conduct of parking officials. Student do blame parking officials for mismanaging parking slot for students. As personal testimony, my experience with these officials has demonstrated to me that the officials are completely unprofessional and incapable of addressing the problem with uttermost care and diligence. My finding has shown that the parking officials are not supervised by anyone. Indeed, they have engaged in

The Meanings Of A Racist Word English Language Essay

The Meanings Of A Racist Word English Language Essay In the essay The Meanings of the Word, Gloria Naylor discusses the essence of the word nigger and how it can mean many different things to different people in an endless list of situations. Depending on the individuals race, social status, gender, and age Naylor outlines how a word such as nigger can have different meanings within ones own environment. Naylor discusses how one word can go from having a positive to a negative effect merely due to how it is spoken and by whom. Naylor shares a personal experience with her readers as she describes the very first time she really heard the word nigger. A young white boy in her third grade class spit in her face. Naylor states, I didnt know what a nigger was, but I knew that whatever it meant, it was something he shouldnt have called me. (Naylor 109) Naylor writes about her own personal experiences clearly showing she is prejudice about how and when the word is acceptable. Even though her experiences are powerful, they can also be seen as a limited view of the subject. Her readers can only understand the situation through her eyes and her experiences. Naylor is trying to educate her readers by sharing her personal experiences. I think she wants her readers to sit and think about the words they use, how others may use them, and how those words affect others around them. Naylor wants her readers to understand how deeply she was affected by a young boy but also by how she didnt really think about the word nigger until the moment is was used in a hurtful manner towards her. Her main objective is to make her readers think about the words they choose to use and hear and how the context of these words is embedded in can change the meaning of them. To be a part of Naylors target audience one must have had experience with language and how people use it. She is targeting those who have heard or used the word nigger before. Naylor wants her readers to take on her experience and be empathetic towards her feelings. She does not do this in a pathetic way, as Naylor seeks no pity from anyone. She outlines in detail her experience and wants her readers to understand her views and how they came to be. Naylor assumes the role of a teacher in her writing. She assumes a person of a young girl experiencing a new way of understanding a word. Naylor wants her readers to understand how important the context in which one word is used, so she writes about her own personal experience, of which she is the sole authority. Naylor assumes a straight forward tone in her writing. She does not demand or point her fingers at any one group of people. She simply relays her experience in such a way that you cant help but to think about what it must have bee n like for her as a young girl experiencing a new meaning of a word in such a racial way. She does not take on a superior or subordinate tone; rather it is like she is having a conversation with her readers as her peers. I find this very powerful because she achieves what she wants is a very subtle manner. Naylor does not lecture or blame anyone; she is simply sharing her experiences. The introduction of The Meanings of a Word, is a frame for the rest of the writing to fill. Naylor discusses how language is the subject of her writing, and although the written word is what has kept her going throughout her life she still feels that the written word is inferior to the spoken word. Her arguments in the introduction of her writing are clear and easily understood. She is portraying just how powerful she feels the spoken word can be. Naylor states, Dialogue achieves its power in the dynamics of a fleeting moment of sight, sound, smell and touch. (Naylor 108) This helps the readers understand the power of a spoken word such as nigger. Naylors position is that words either written or spoken do not take on meaning until a consensus assigns one. Naylor states, Words themselves are innocuous; it is the consensus that gives them true power. (Naylor 109) As a writer Naylor feels that the spoken word has a greater impact than the written word by stating, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦much of the frustration experienced by novelists in the awareness that whatever we manage to capture in even the most transcendent passages falls far short of the richness of life. (Naylor 108) She introduces her readers to just how powerful the spoken word can be which is what the rest of the piece emphasizes. Naylor uses chronological organization in writing The Meanings of a Word. She starts with a childhood experience and then transitions into how her thoughts on the word nigger evolved into what they are today. In her conclusion Naylor sums her point of view up nicely. She wants to bring awareness to how words can take on different meanings depending on how, when and by whom they are used. She gives an example of how one word can take on an entirely new meaning and the fact that one may not really hear a word or take notice of it until it takes on that new meaning by stating, There must have been dozens of times that the word nigger was spoken in front of me before I reached third grade. But I didnt hear it until it was said by a small pair of lips that had already learned it could be a way to humiliate me. (Naylor 111) Naylor creates a conversational atmosphere where she puts her ideas together nicely in chronological order. She seems to develop a smooth relationship between her ideas in this way. Naylor uses personal experiences as her evidence. She uses conversational a tone that goes together nicely with the readers. My reason for saying this is because Naylor draws her readers in and t hey can easily understand and accept her experiences. Naylor uses her experiences to serve as an example and to offer credibility. The readers are drawn in by her experiences as a young girl, and her evolution of understanding. Naylor makes her readers think about what it would be like to really hear a word for the very first time, to look back and realize you had heard the word many times in a different context. The language used by Naylor is commonly used. She does not use big words that people do not understand or have to search for in the dictionary. She writes in a low style that is effective for her argument. This use of language brings to mind a seemingly friendly relationship with her readers, like she is sitting down with you sipping on a cup of tea discussing how context can change your understanding of a word. She is sharing a vital part of her life and experiences with the readers in order to make you aware and understand her argument.

Decline of Amphibians Essay -- Animal Research

Introduction When researching the population decline of amphibians as a global issue, it is evident that there have been drastic changes in the past 30 years. Mike Lannoo from the U.S. Declining Amphibian Task Force says that there have been significant losses in amphibian populations for an extensive period of time (No Single Reason, 1999). Stuart et al. (2004) stated that according to scientists at the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), at least 427 species, roughly 7.4%, are at a dangerously high risk of extinction (Kaylor, 2006). The problem of amphibian decline cannot be linked directly to one single cause (No Single Reason, 1999). Instead, scientists have related the decline to disease, habitat loss, changes in climate, and pollution (Hayes, Falso, Gallipeau, Stice, 2010; Brooks et al., 2002; Dunson et al., 1992). It is concluded that many of these factors are related to and possibly caused by human interaction (McCallum, 2007). The declines could be caused by pathogens, climate change, or wildlife toxicology, says Dr. Ashley Mattoon from the Worldwatch Institute (Kirby, 2000). Amphibian decline is a serious global topic and is especially harmful in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Specifically, there are many causes of amphibian decline in Virginia. The Weldon Cooper Center at the University of Virginia ranks Virginia 12th in population at an annual growth rate of 7% (Kelhart, 2006). Of Virginia’s 79 species of amphibians, four species are classified as near threatened, three species are classified as vulnerable, and one species is classified as endangered (Amphibians in VA, n.d.). The problem of amphibian decline can be traced back to many sources, which can either be classified as n... ...ander (Desmognathus fuscus) of southern Appalachia. Retrieved from ScienceDirect website: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306456500000528 No Single Reason for Amphibian Decline. (1999, November 19). ScienceDaily. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/11/991119075426.htm Sexton, O. J., Phillips, C., & Bramble, J. E. (1990, September 19). The Effects of Temperature and Precipitation on the Breeding Migration of the Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) [Press ]. Retrieved February 14, 2012, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/info/1446443#ufo Stuart, S. N., Chanson, J. S., Cox, N. A., Young, B. E., Rodrigues, A. S. L., Fischman, D. L., & Waller, R. W. (2004, October 14). Status and Trends of Amphibian Declines and Extinctions Worldwide. Abstract retrieved from Science Mag website: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/306/5702/1783

Death Penalty Essay Introduction Essay

A death penalty is one of the oldest corrections familiar to mankind. Strictly speaking, it was applied even before the criminal law appears in a modern sense of the word. One of the problems worries not only lawyers but a whole society, causing a lot of discussions, disputes and debates, was and still is an issue of execution. At the moment, its relevance is also connected with the fact that now a lot of states are going to soften own legislation, abolishing the supreme penalty. In this connection, a question arises as to validity and admissibility of its application. The presence or absence of the capital punishment is a kind of indicator of culture and quality of life, security and public mentality. That is why in socially and economically well-off countries, the death is much calmer, philosophically, not as exaggerated as in unsettled states. The relevance of such an investigation is due to the matter that much is said and written, confirmed by judicial and extrajudicial practice regarding severe punishments as never frightening things. This is explained, first of all, by the fact they were most frequently applied to criminals who, for various reasons, either did not fear death or ignored it. An attitude of mass consciousness to the capital punishment and scale of its usage serves as a barometer of the community’s morality, its social and mental health. To date, 111 countries have abandoned it, but there are still many governments that have resorted to it so far. Each state faces such dilemma: should the death penalty be applied as discipline for especially serious crimes or adhere to the principles of humanism? How effective is it? How does the public opinion influence the abolition or retention of similar penalty? A modern society was divided into two camps. Each of the groups has enough weighty arguments, which it is difficult to disagree. The main motives of supporters of execution are its preventive nature, economic feasibility, and justice of retaliation. In other words, a lot of citizens consider the rule of mutual murder as justified. An alternative point of view also has its justifications and deserves no less attention. Opponents of capital punishment point to an imperfection of the judicial system and its frequent mistakes, an inconsistency of the indicated problem in the context of international law, financial costs, as well as doubtfulness of a preventive effect. In light of increased terrorist attacks, there was another argument like suicide bomber did not scare death. Perhaps, only organizers of the attacks themselves are not in a hurry to part with life. And for them, an execution is a quite likely outcome. However, outraged public opinion requires a fair impact on the offenders and does not want to tolerate the facts of insufficiently severe sentences or an abandonment of life by dangerous, incorrigible criminals. And no matter how incompetent, uncivilized it may be, it cannot be ignored. Otherwise, instead of verdicts, according to the law and the court, a â€Å"punitive presumption† of the population begins. Thus, there can be no unequivocal decision on the issue of death penalty. It affects political, legal, socio-economic, moral-religious, cultural-psychological and other spheres of activity. There are criminals who do not deserve life, but punishment is not all-powerful. Since criminality is of a multilateral and deep nature, the measures to struggle against it must also be complex.

Meaning of Auto Prefix Used in Biology

Meaning of Auto Prefix Used in Biology The English prefix auto- means self, same, occurring from within, or spontaneous. To remember this prefix, which was originally derived from the Greek word auto meaning self, easily think of common words that you know that share the auto- prefix like automobile  (a car you drive for yourself) or automatic (description for something spontaneous or that works on its own). Take a look at other words used for biological terms that begin with the prefix auto-. Autoantibodies Autoantibodies are  antibodies  that are produced by an organism that attacks the organisms own cells and tissues. Many autoimmune diseases like lupus are caused by autoantibodies. Autocatalysis Autocatalysis is catalysis or the acceleration of a chemical reaction that is caused by one of the products of the reaction acting as a catalyst. In glycolysis, which is the breakdown of glucose to form energy, one part of the process is powered by autocatalysis. Autochthon   Autochthon refers to the indigenous  animals or plants of a region or the earliest known, native inhabitants of a country. The Aboriginal people of  Australia are considered autochthons. Autocoid   Autocoid means the natural internal secretion, such as a hormone, that is produced in one part of the body and affects another part of the organism. The suffix is derived from the Greek acos meaning relief, for example, from a drug. Autogamy Autogamy is the term for self-fertilization as in the pollination of a flower by its own pollen  or the fusion of gametes resulting from the division of a single parent cell that occurs in some fungi and protozoans. Autogenic The word autogenic literally translates from Greek to mean self-generating or it is produced from within. For example, you can use autogenic training or self-hypnosis or mediation in an attempt to control your own body temperature or blood pressure. Autoimmunity   In biology, autoimmunity means that an organism cannot recognize its own  cells  and  tissues, which may trigger an immune response  or attack of those parts. Autolysis Autolysis is the destruction of a cell by its own enzymes; self-digestion. The suffix  lysis  (also derived from Greek) means loosening. In English, the suffix lysis can mean  decomposition, dissolution, destruction, loosening, breaking down, separation, or disintegration. Autonomic Autonomic refers to an internal process that occurs involuntarily or spontaneously. It is used in human biology prominently when describing the part of the nervous system which controls the bodys involuntary functions, the  autonomic nervous system. Autoploid Autoploid relates to a cell that has two or more copies of a single haploid set of chromosomes. Depending on the number of copies, the autoploid can be categorized as  autodiploids  (two sets), autotriploids  (three sets), autotetraploids  (four sets), autopentaploids  (five sets), or  autohexaploids (six sets), and so on. Autosome An autosome is a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome and appears in pairs in somatic cells. Sex chromosomes are known as allosomes. Autotroph An autotroph is an organism that is self-nourishing or capable of generating its own food. The suffix -troph which derives from Greek, means nourishing. Algae is an example of an autotroph.

How to Get a Literary Agent For Your Book

How to Get a Literary Agent For Your Book How to Get a Literary Agent for Your Book Many first-time authors want to find a literary agent as soon as they put the finishing touches on their debut masterpiece. And if you’re in a similar situation, it’s only natural to feel that way as well! But before we snap off a fresh roll of quarters and start dialing the numbers of some New York agencies (so to speak), let’s answer a few basic questions about what agents do and whether you actually need one. Then, once you’re ready, we’ll reveal a professionally endorsed process for finding and evaluating agents who could be perfect for you.Should I get a literary agent?Fiction writers who want to be traditionally published generally do need a literary agent, while only some non-fiction will need to pursue literary representation. Writers Artists editor Alyson Owen explains: "Nearly all fiction authors do require representation of a literary agent if their book is to be produced by a traditional publishing house, and that is also true with some forms of general non-fiction too - such as histories, memoirs, and biographies."For tips on how to write an effective book proposal, check out this article and its companion piece on submission best practices.Who doesn't need a literary agent?It’s important to note that not all literary forms typically require the representation of an agent. Poetry is a good example of this. Also, academic, professional, and the vast majority of educational books are usually commissioned direct from the publisher. If you’re writing in any of these fields, it is possible - provided you have the right credentials as an author, a well-argued proposal, and quality script - to get your non-fiction book accepted by a publisher without being represented by an agent.If you do fall into one of the categories above and you wish to pitch directly to publishers, it’s essential that your book has an easily identifiable market or niche so publishers know what they’re dealing with r ight away. You also need to know who actually publishes the type of book you’re offering and which of those publishers accept unsolicited proposals. Firing off emails to every publisher under the sun will not only waste your time but potentially earn you a reputation as someone who doesn’t understand the publishing game.And of course, if you’re choosing to self-publish, then you definitely don’t need a literary agent to get your book out into the world.What do literary agents do?A literary agent represents your book to acquiring editors who might want to buy it. In other words, they get an author's foot into the door of a publishing house.In addition to having regular contact with editors within the publishing houses and championing you and your writing to the hilt, agents will understand an editor's tastes and the types of books they are looking to add to their list - a crucial component in getting a publishing house to invest in your work.â€Å"Quite simply, being represented by a literary agent may be the only realistic route to getting a foot on the first rung of the publishing ladder,† says Owens. â€Å"Most publishers of fiction do not accept unsolicited manuscript submissions from debut writers.†In addition to getting your foot in the door, here's what a literary agent does:They are expert negotiators, combining financial acumen with a nose for the value of good, sellable writing;They act as useful buffers between you and your publisher (when you don’t want to taint your working relationship with an editor by talking brass tacks);They manage the financial and marketing side of things while you concentrate on the writing;They also tend to have strong editorial skills, working with you to help refine your manuscript before it’s even submitted to a publisher.All of this can only work to your advantage as an author, helping you secure a more lucrative deal with the most appropriate publisher - much m ore than you may have been able to acquire yourself, without any contacts or knowledge of the industry. Ideally, their negotiations alone should offset their commission (ideally).How to get a literary agent in 6 stepsWhen we say ‘finding a literary agent,’ we really mean finding the ideal representative for your book - someone who is perfectly primed to help you develop your writing career. You’re basically on the hunt for a long-term business partner and creative soulmate. Ready to start looking?1. Locate a pool of literary agents who work in your nicheMost agents are always on the lookout for new authors to represent. They’re dying for their dream client to reach out to them. To help make their dreams come true, it’s your job to find out a) who these agents are and b) how best to get through to them. So start putting together your shortlist.You can begin your search by going to agent databases such as Agent Query or Query Tracker and filtering by genre. You can also look through the acknowledgments pages of books similar to yours: you can bet that the authors thank their agents in there. Or, this being the 21st century, you can just Google † agent† and see what comes up.Reading recommendations: Writers’ Artists’ Yearbook (for the UK) and its US equivalent Writer’s Market are invaluable tools that you should consider putting on your Christmas list. Tip for finding an agent: use Agent Query and Query Track to start your search 2. Thoroughly research and evaluate each agentHere are the four main questions you want to answer in your research about individual literary agents:Do they represent books in my genre?Are they currently open to queries?Would I work well with them?Are they a scam artist?How do you go about answering these questions? Well, checking out the submission guidelines of the agent's website should answer #1 and #2 fairly easily. In regards to #3 and 4, Caitlin Jans, the  founding editor of Authors Publish, has a few tips:â€Å"I always research the agent outside of their website first. I find that one of the best ways to tackle this is to head again over to the Absolute Write Water Cooler Forum. I use it to vet agents and publishers. The forums are active and get a lot of use: if an author has a good or bad experience with an agent, they’ll share it.I can’t emphasize this enough: one of the most important steps is to make sure the agency isn't on Writer Beware’s Thumbs Down Agencies List. At this point, I almost have the list memorized. Writer Beware (a volunteer organization that works on behalf of writers) also has a terrific section on dishonest agents, so be sure to check that out.†No matter what, as an ironclad rule: avoid agents who ask for an upfront fee. It doesn’t matter whether they call it ‘professional development’ or say it’s to cover the costs of editing your manuscript: an agent who asks for preemptive payment is not legitimate.After due research, if you find an agent who seems to tick all the right boxes, then add them to your final shortlist and proceed to step three. Tip for finding an agent: avoid agents who ask for an upfront fee 3. Send a personalized query letterA good portion of every agent’s week is spent on ‘slush’ - what they call the never-ending pile of letters they get from hopeful authors seeking representation. On one hand, you might think, Geez! How do I stand a chance of being seen in a pile that big? But you should really look at it from the attitude of, Wow! These agents are really keen to find their next client!With that in mind, your query letter (your first point of contact with an agent) must be perfect. We have a detailed guide to writing query letters (that comes with a super-sweet template), but if you don’t want to head down the rabbit hole right this second, here are three top-line tips:Always read an agent’s submission guidelines. Some might ask for a sample chapter, others might not. One might want you to double-space, another might require single. Apart from ensuring that they get what they need to make an assessment, the submission guidelines also serve as a rudimentary idiot test: If this author doesn’t follow our standards, it either means that they haven’t read them (and is lazy) or they haven’t been able to comprehend simple instructions (which is not exactly what you want in a business partner).Make sure to personalize each query letter. You’ll want to contact as many agents as possible, and it’s tempting to create a standard query letter that starts with Dear Sirs and features no specific language whatsoever. But remember, agents have read countless boilerplate query letters and can sniff them out from a mile away. That’s why the research you do in step 2 will serve you so well: it’ll show each agent that you actually care. (For more detailed tips on personalizing your query letter, check out this transcripted replay of our webinar with former agent Rachel Stout.)Start with the hook. Ultimately, it’s the book that agents want to know about. While you might think i t’s best to introduce your book by first talking about your own background, the quicker you get to the exciting pitch for your book, the better. Tip for finding an agent: always personalize your query letters 4. Always follow up if you don’t hear anythingWe’ve all had that experience of looking at an email and thinking, â€Å"I’ll get to that later,† only to forget about it until someone reminds you. Well, the same thing happens to agents as well! If you don’t hear back from the after several weeks, it’s not impolite to follow up and ask whether your query may have been lost in the shuffle. Often, the agent will be grateful that you reminded them.Again, read the agent’s submission guidelines. In many cases, they’ll even tell you how many weeks to wait before you follow up. But if they don’t, then four to six weeks is a good rule of thumb (erring closer to six, perhaps). Tip for finding an agent: wait 4-6 weeks before following up 5. Don’t just say yes to the first agentAssuming agents dig your query letter, get intrigued by your sample, and adore your full manuscript after they request and read it†¦ what happens next? In broad strokes, the two of you will discuss how the agent might help develop your book and career, and then they’ll offer you representation.Very exciting, right? But before you frantically search for a pen to sign on all those dotted lines, make sure that they are the right agent for you. It’s not considered impolite to query multiple agents at the same time, so you don’t need to lie about it or cover it up. An agent will not be insulted that you’re daring to consider other options. After all, if they like your book enough to want to represent it, it stands to reason that others might as well.Of course, you can always choose to leave an agent at any time if things aren’t working out. But keep in mind that if you’re at the start of your car eer, you don’t want a reputation as someone who switches agents every book. It’ll make editors, agents, and other publishing gatekeepers assume that you’re hard to work with.So be polite, stay candid, and don’t rush into any decisions.Now that you have a rough idea of how to find a literary agent, we want to leave you with some resources that will help you in your search.

Free Appropriate Public Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Free Appropriate Public Education - Essay Example Free and Appropriate Public Education is, within the context of the stated, an affirmation of the right of disabled children to receive an education which meets their specific and special needs, without extra cost to them or to their families. Given the legislative roots of the defined right, schools are obligated to provide special needs students with an education which is tailored to meet their specific requirements, even as it prepares them for future independent living and employability. It is interesting to note that even though Free and Appropriate Public Education is clearly delineated by legislature as a right owed to disabled children, the constituent elements of FAPE are not clearly outlined. Questions regarding precisely what constitutes a free and appropriate public education persist. This paper will try to answer these questions. Free public education has long been recognized as a responsibility owed by governments, not just to citizens, but to their societies and nations. As Chief Justice Warren noted in Brown v Board of Education: Public education is a principal instrument for awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him or her for later training, and in helping them adjust normally to their environment. It is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he or she is denied the opportunity of an education (Brown v Board of Education, 1954). The above statement, made in 1954, underscores the importance of free, public education, insofar as it identifies it as the foundations of citizenship, acculturation, socialization and success. Whether on the individual or the collective/societal level, free public education is a fundamental concern since its availability is one of the primary determinants of national progress and development. Free public education is important but, of greater importance, is

Registration System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Registration System - Assignment Example And the costumer can avail this discount inform via his email account. Also, the main HQ and local admin can send to the costumer's email the latest offers if there is. The main HQ administrator has the access in controlling the system, the HQ can either add or remove motel. Both of the main HQ and the local Administration can update the room type, availability and pricing of their rooms. 1. The personal information of the customer includes his ID, name, address, contact information, age and other personal detail with his email address. The customer can access through web, he can check the availability, type and pricing of the room. Also he can check seasonal offers of the company. 2. With his personal email address he can send his messages and other inquires about his booking. He can receive special the other offer, be informed for special discount and other newsletter from the company. And also he can be informed if ever the payment and booking transactions is successful or not. 4. Costumer's history includes with the customer's booking number, the total of booking the customer made the other details of his booking from this the company will base their decision if they will give a special discount of not. The Main flow: Payment 1. Payment transactions must include the customer's ID, the date and amount he paid off. The payment of the customer may be in the form of cheque or card payments. 2. If the transaction was done by cheque then the transaction must include the payment number, cheque no., sort code, account number and other banking information. 3. IF the transaction was done by card payments the detailed information must include the card number, the date when it is issued and the expiration date. 4. All the payment transaction between the customer and the company. The company and the customer must be informed by the electronic banking system if the card or cheque is accepted or rejected. The Main flow: Motel 1. Both the main HQ motel administration and other local administrations can check their customer's history. 2. The HQ and other local administrations can update the rooms' availability, type, and pricing. Only the Main administrator can add or delete rooms. 3. The main HQ administrator can add and remove their local motel branches. Also they can remove, add or transfer their staffs.

Operation management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 2

Operation management - Essay Example However, this need not be the case if there business owners are committed to operation management. In this paper, the purpose is to give a report on the findings that were collected after visiting one of the best restaurants in the city. The second part of this paper will explain the types of process technology that were observed in the operations. Thirdly, capacity constraints that existed in the operation will be discussed. Finally, there will be recommendations offered on the best way to improve the operations at this specific restaurant. As noted above, every business would want to make profit and ensure that clients are satisfied since this is the only way to ensure long-term benefits. However, every business’ success is majorly dependent on the quality of management (Schmidle, 2011; Evans, 2004). In short, a business that overlooks the five performance objectives will seldom witness profits and its existence and seemingly, profitability will be short-lived. Having participated in the visit to the mentioned activity, this section will explain how the five performance objectives were utilised in the restaurant. Prices often act as one of the reasons customers flock or forsake a particular business, thus the right pricing ought to be practiced with careful consideration. These assertions are informed by the fact low price does not always translate into profitability. Similarly, high prices are not a clear reflection of high quality products (Heidhues and Kőszegi, 2014; Wacker, 2004). In this particular restaurant, the food prices were set as per size and quality with some costing as much as $100 while others as low as $5. Having observed the place for the at least two days, it became apparent the patrons loved the place because of this seemingly balanced pricing. While clients expect the prices to be low yet the commodities to be of high quality, this is not always tenable because of the requirements. Some of the

Mckinsey Model Essay Example for Free

Mckinsey Model Essay McKinsey 7S Model This model was developed in the 1980s by Robert Waterman, Tom Peters and Julien Philips whilst working for McKinsey and originally presented in their article Structure is not Organisation. To quote them: Intellectually all managers and consultants know that much more goes on in the process of organizing than the charts, boxes, dotted lines, position descriptions, and matrices can possibly depict. But all too often we behave as though we didn’t know it if we want change we change the structure. Diagnosing and solving organizational problems means looking not merely to structural reorganization for answers but to a framework that includes structure and several related factors. The 7S Model which they developed and presented became extensively used by mangers and consultants and is one of the cornerstones of organizational analysis. [pic] Essentially the model says that any organisation can be best described by the seven interrelated elements shown above: Strategy Plans for the allocation of a firms scarce resources, over time, to reach identified goals. Environment, competition, customers. Structure The way the organizations units relate to each other: centralized, functional divisions (top-down); decentralized (the trend in larger organizations); matrix, network, holding, etc. Systems The procedures, processes and routines that characterize how important work is to be done: financial systems; hiring, promotion and performance appraisal systems; information systems. Skills Distinctive capabilities of personnel or of the organization as a whole. Staff Numbers and types of personnel within the organization. Style  Cultural style of the organization and how key managers behave in achieving the organization’s goals. Shared Value  The interconnecting centre of McKinseys model is: Shared Values. What the organization stands for and what it believes in. Central beliefs and attitudes. However the model is more than simply a list. Key Points are: 1. The top 3, strategy , structure and systems, are the hard elements. The bottom 4, skills, staff, style, and shared values are the soft elements. 2. At that time, any organisational study focused on the top hard elements and ignored the bottom soft elements. 3. The current view is to focus on all 7, accepting that for each business or enterprise, two or three will be the VITAL ones. 4. The key point is that all the elements are all inter-dependant. Changes in one will have repercussions on the others. Thus introduction of new systems will certainly affect skills, and may well effect structure, style and staff. It could even have an impact on strategy. Similar repercussions occur with decentralization. 5. If you just try to change one element on its own, the other element may well resist the change and try to maintain the status quo. 6. In this sense, any change in organisation is best seen as a shift in the whole picture. Waterman Jr., Robert H., Peters, Thomas J., and Julien R. Phillips. 198 0. STRUCTURE IS NOT ORGANIZATION. Business Horizons 23, no. 3: 14

Marketing Problems And Issues Faced By Zara Marketing Essay

Marketing Problems And Issues Faced By Zara Marketing Essay Zara clothing is a part of Spanish based Inditex Group, launched in 1975. The sales contribution of Zara clothing is 63.8% in the groups total sales of the financial year 2009. Zara clothing has two main product divisions: mens and womens apparel. Zara is known for its innovative designs around the World; each of the clothing line consists of the following divisions: Upper Garment, Lower Garment, Shoes, Cosmetics and Complements. Kids clothing is included in Zaras catalogue as well. Zara is a vertically integrated retailer which designs, produces and distributes. The company deals mostly with the supply-chain, unlike other competitor retailers of the same market, around half of Zara clothing products are produced in Spain, one third in the rest of Europe, and some in Asian countries and the rest of the world. ZARA has 1,608 stores (including 213 ZARA kids stores) in 74 countries. So while competitors go to Asia for outsource production, Zara makes most of its fashionable items and distributes them to its own stores located in all major cities around the World. At average Zara clothing store is more than 1500 square meters of pure up-to-date fashion. Zara clothing brand is dealing with over ten thousand clothing items a year and Zara has a strategy of launching and distributing a new product to the stores in only time of two weeks. In a result, Zara stores totally change their clothing items each month. Only in the UK, Zara has more than 50 stores in different cities, making Zara the most famous global retailer in the country. Zara clothing is also taking over the American continents by opening multiple locations in The US, Canada and South American countries. Most of the US cities already have Zara clothing sales locations and there are plans to open twice as many stores. According to AT Kearney, the consultants, for the past three years India is at the top of the list of the most attractive market for retail investment. According to Tehnopak, the retail consultants, the revenues of corporate retail sector in India will grow 20-fold from  £7bn ($14.1bn, E10.3bn) to  £140bn over the coming decade. This will reduce the market share of the small family-owned stores that dominate Indian retail. Zaras entry is a test of whether its fast-fashion concept will catch on in India. Zaras trademark is its ability to design, manufacture and deliver a new clothing design to its shops within just two weeks, compared with a nine-month industry average. It takes roughly four weeks to ship a container from Spain to India. Zara already has shops in 74 countries of the World. Financial Highlights (financial year 2009): The financial year 2009 ended with a growth rate of 9% at constant exchange rates. Inditex has also maintained comparable sales over the course of the year. The gross margin, which has increased by 7% to 6,300 million Euros, meaning a 57.1% on sales, 27 basic points more than in the previous year. Operating expenses remain under strict control, with a growth of 7% mainly due to the new retail areas. The contribution of sales in stores located outside Spain has reached 68% of the total figure, and all chains have increased their sales percentages on international markets, demonstrating their desire and ability to expand at a global level. The scale of this effort is clear if we recall that during 2009 alone, we increased our overseas presence to a total of 46 countries. Zaras sales have seen a net growth from 4% to 6% at constant exchange rates, with a 5% growth in EBIT. The main indicators for the financial year 2009 of the group are as under: Net Sales: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬11,048 Millions EBIT: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1,729 Millions Net Sales Zara: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬7,077 Millions EBIT Zara: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1,105 Millions EBIT Margin Zara: 15.6% Problems and Issues: Marketing: Zara has adopted a different marketing strategy form beginning which is not to advertise through traditional media. There are not many businesses which are running without any marketing in this age of communication and technology. If some business is doing good without marketing it dose not mean that the business has captured maximum market and there are no more opportunities to grow. If some business is already doing well, it can do better by launching a marketing campaign and can get more market share. But in last 2 years Zara has changed its strategy slightly and started campaign through some social networking website to keep in touch with its customers. Political issues: According to Fareed Rafiq Zakaria who is a famous Indian American journalist the Indias democracy system has all ability to qualify for illiberal democracy. So that is why the political system is volatile and takes any positive or negative impact on economy on day to day basics. Major political and local political powers plays important role in major citys economy. Foreign investor Zara has very sensitive about its liberal policies due to its main origin of business in Europe is facing very illiberal policies of government in its labour law. And also media the forth pillar of political system play an important part to rock the economic system by flaring up political issues. Due to this Zara is reluctant to invest more in Indian cloth industry which is growing with a GDP of 9% annually. Product: Zara is based in Europe, so it has 3 to 4 main colours which are used by its designers most of the time. But in India there are lots of colours used in readymade cloth industry especially bright colour. Female and male clothes lot of or small embroidery work is like which is lack of Zara fashion designs. Indian consumer likes bright colour for party occasions. Social issues: Cultural differences in India and Europe has a great impact on sales in India due to its designs which are more influenced by Europe. Statistics shows that the Indian cloth market is 490000 million rupees and 30000 million rupees market is only European based apparels. Zaras limited origin designs make its global brand image of fashion industry. Zara opened two shops in Indias metro cities New Delhi and Mumbai but both have vast cloths cultural differences. In New Delhi customers like Indian dresses more than foreign designs but vice versa in Mumbai. There are also traditional cloth designs for special occasions which are lacking in Zara stores. Weather: Indias weather is totally different from Europe because of its five extreme seasons (summer, Monsoon/rainy, winter, spring, autumn) in a year. The winter is of very short duration and not too much cold as compared to Europe and summer (April, May and June) is warmer than Europe. Variation of season requires rapid fashion change according to local weather. At Zara store you will find most of the cloths for normal weather and not for extreme weather. Legal issues: In India there are some legal requirements for foreign companies to start business and the most important one is that you have to make a local partner from India. Zara has started its business with the collaboration of Tata a local Indian business company. Next, Marks Spencer, Accessories, Debenhams and Guess have all franchised their stores to India. Another problem in India is the implementation of copyright law. This is a fact that the day Zara will launch its new design in Indian market it will be pirated in couple of days and you will find the same design at very lower prices in the local shops. Economical issues: The growth rate of Indian economy is comparatively high but it does not affect the life of common people very much because of the unequal distribution of wealth. So the whole population of India should not be considered as a target market of Zara. On the other side high rate of taxes for foreign companies also results into higher prices of the products. Mango, Guess, Esprit, and French Connection are also in line with Zara prices in other markets including Singapore, Dubai and some European markets. It is surprising that the prices in Singapore and Dubai are less than India because Indian duties could add 30-40 percent on retail prices, while duties in these countries are much lower. Devangshu Dutta, managing director of Third Eyesight, a retail consultancy based in the capital, reckons that Inditex may be taking a long-term view of the Indian market and relying on strategic pricing. THE DELIVERY OF A STRATEGIC MARKETING SOLUTION Zara has a very committed and professional team consists of more than 90,000 people. In my point of view Zara should review its strategies and policies now as Zara is now entering in totally different and more competitive markets, like India, of the World. The SWOT analysis of Zara is very helpful to understand the situation which Zara is facing today. Strengths ZARA has a very strong market Image due to quality, style and availability of products. Product/ Brand Image is also very high because of very high quality, reliable products for children, women and men. Strong financial position of ZARA is also our strength which will help us to invest adequately to get favorable results. Due to strong market position there is availability of finance from other financial institutions like banks. ZARA can benefit in saving the cost from existing infrastructure of suppliers. Vast network and store on different main locations all over the UK, Europe and other regions of the World is also our strength. At this time we have availability of suppliers who can provide us required raw material on good prices and we can build good relations with them for future when the competition will be higher. Online availability of our full catalogue is also our strength and customers can see, choose and make a final decision by just sitting home. Weaknesses Due to no marketing strategy and planning the growth rate of market share is very low. High product price is a weakness but we can not compromise on quality and customer services. Proper management and implementation of the new system can take time. Opportunities Well planed customized marketing campaign according to the current requirement of the time. New market search is the next step after capturing our existing market we can go to US and central Asian markets more deeply. More innovation, improved quality and value added products for our customers. Adoption of new technology will help us to lower the cost of our products. Research and development department can be made more efficient and strong for product improvement and availability of the products. Improved and more focused customers service. Continuous training of the staff and labor for cost effective production. Strive to exceed the customers expectations through quality, innovation and customers services. Increase in promotional activities through online marketing to get maximum market share. Building relations and long term contracts with the suppliers will be beneficial for future buying. Threats Entry of new competitors is a threat for our product which can be avoided by building stronger product image in the mind of customer. Unavailability of sufficient raw material because of high number of customers for raw material in the market. In the near future there will be high price of raw material due to increased demand. Availability of raw material in future is another threat and can be managed by involving maximum number of suppliers in the beginning with small quantity orders to all the suppliers. Order quantity can be increased in future as per demand. Low buying power of the customers in existing markets is also a threat and can be managed by searching new markets. Keeping in view the SWOT analysis and our problems and issues Zara should focus on the following points and develop a strategy accordingly: Recommendations: Advertising and Marketing: Unique approach of advertising and marketing within the business model of Zara adds an additional factor to their success. A 0.3% of total income is spent on marketing and advertising. This amount is significantly less than the competitors of Zara who are spending 3-4% of their total revenues on advertising and marketing. The main competitors of Zara like next, Bhs, Debenhams, New Look, HM, John Lewis, MS, asos, peacocks and topshop are the main stores which are more focusing on marketing specially on online presence and are among the top list stores on search engines in fashion and clothing search results. Because Zara is not in putting any effort for online marketing, that is why we do not find it in search results. In this age of communication and technology it is very hard to run a business without marketing and interaction with existing or potential customers. In my point of view Zara should now develop its own IT and marketing department and should launch an online marketing campaign through search engine optimization, social networking websites like facebook, twitter, bebo etc. Email marketing is another highly reliable and reachable idea to convey the message to maximum number of customers in no time. The list of emails can also be used to keep the customers update with latest offers in the store. By using Zaras own website and these social networking website people can keep in touch with store without coming to store and this thing will increase the market share with the help of low cost solution of online marketing. Interactive websites are the main source to attract more traffic and keep in touch with customers which helps to improve and change in products according to the requirements of the customers. This is also the quickest way to get feed back from our valuable customers around the globe. At the moment Zara is more focusing on the development of its stores on the prime locations on the high streets which is also a good strategy but it can not be replaced with a well organized professional marketing campaign which can bring thousands of customers to the store in days. With the help of fully functional interactive website customers can give feed back immediately after using the product and we can improve our products quickly. In the big countries like India where the presence of physical stores is not feasible in every city because the buying power of the customer is not equal and to open a store for small number of customers can not add anything other than heavy losses. In situation like this online store is the best idea to serve the customers who do not have physical access to the store but can afford and buy from online store. Because in India we can find our customers in many cities but the number of the customers will be low, so online marketing and online store will be more helpful to satisfy that market. Additionally, because of the short product development cycles, customers can be trained to visit Zara online stores most of the time because new items are presented weekly and are not restocked often. This feeling of scarcity encourages customers to come to online stores and buy frequently. In order to keep our stores looking fresh and trendy; Zara is investing heavily in their store layouts. Each Zara store is remodeled every five years in order to update with current trends. Same strategy should be followed in India as well to maintain the international standards. Direct marketing is not the top priority of Zara, in fact its the cost advantage and maintenance of brand that adds value to company. Zaras information and communication protocols are highly differentiated from its competitors. Zaras expenditure on IT comprises of less than 0.5% of total income on Information Technology and IT employees are only 0.5% of total workforce of company. In contrast to this Zaras competitors spend around 2% of total revenue on IT and 2.5% of their workforce is involved in IT. Main tools utilized by Zara are human intelligence, from store managers and market research, and information technology such as their PDA devices which forms a hybrid model for information flow from stores to headquarters. For example, handheld devices are provided at Zara stores which are used by managers over there for sending standardized information including customer feedback and ordering needs to in-house designers. So this is the key to keep the designer updated regarding rapidly changing customer demands and trends. Zaras designers not only keep themselves informed of fast-changing trends and demands of custo mers but also participate in formation of hybrid model. Zaras competitors entirely rely on IT applications so here again Zara wins the differentiation by incorporating human intelligence in its hybrid model. Zara obtains uniqueness by adopting human intelligence assisted IT solutions leading to well-organized inventories, thoroughly linked demand and supply, and decreased costs from obsolete merchandise; but this is not the end , there is always room for improvement. IT processes need effective management of levels of inventory. The information and communication system owned by Zara leads to cost advantage to Zaras operations and adds capability of responding rapidly and up to the mark. Zaras business model demarcates its unique concept, capabilities, and value drivers and these have leaded the company to the path of success. Fully concentrated core operations and production abilities, resistance to outsourcing, pin point focus on fashion has given recognition in fashion industry and market. To sustain and maintain such sort of differentiation in the era of global expansion there is need to adapt business capabilities of product development, cost of production, marketing, information and communication technologies and strategic partnerships. Mass media Advertising It is one of the basic requirements of a company to promote the sales of its products. In addition to this, it works as a building block in the process of building of brand identity. Further more it plays important role in communicating changes or changes or new arrivals to the customers. Advertising is considered to be one of the essences of fashion industry. Advertising if properly planned would increase the buzz-value of Zara. For achievement of our objectives following branches of advertising would be utilized. When these media will come into play every member of the society would be having awareness to Zara. Print Advertising The print media remains one of the cost effective source of advertising. Advertisement of products can be carried out via newspapers and magazines. Additionally promotional brochures and fliers would serve the same purpose. The selling price of advertising space in newspapers and magazines is directly related to the position attained by advertisement and the readership of the publications. Our advertisement would be published on the most popular and glossy supplement of magazines and newspapers to catch the eye of customers. Outdoor Advertising Billboards Billboard advertising is very common in Delhi and Mumbai and this trend is going to be followed by Zara to grab the attention of the passers by. This would be supplemented by other outdoor advertising methods to capture larger portion of market. Kiosks: It is not difficult to find malls and railway stations in cities like Mumbai and Delhi. Keeping this thing in mind provision of kiosks can also provide easy outlet for the products of company. Zara would use this marketing strategy as well. Tradeshows and Events We have plans to organize trade fairs, exhibitions and events to draw attention of customers. It would be achieved in collaboration with different local companies which promote fashion industry. Covert Advertising Advertising in Movies All of us know that India is famous for its movie production. We would use this tool as covert advertising as a unique kind of advertising. Almost every weekend a new movie is released. Thousands of people come at one platform and the same platform can be sponsored by Zara to gain the advantage of grabbing customers. Celebrity Advertising We know that audience in India follows the trends adopted by celebrities over there. Celebrities like Amir Khan and John Abraham have already played their role in Zaras promotion campaign. To keep the pace with this strategy is still the part of our marketing layout. Pricing Strategy: In the beginning the competitive pricing strategy should be adopted to capture more market share in India because in most of the large cities of India international brands and stores are already available. One more thing is local shop keeper who will copy Zaras designs and sale them in the market on low prices. To avoid this problem brand image should be communicated through advertising so that customers do not only consider the design but brand and quality as well. For brining marked reduction in prices the production can be started in the host country which will decrease our operating expenses like freight, high cost labour in Europe, import taxes and duties in India. After taking these steps we will be able to compete in the market very easily and can get benefit in long run. Conclusion: Zara has a very strong financial position and growth rate in last couple of years. As Zara has already opened its stores in many developed countries and has started to enter in under developing countries like India, Zara should review and change its strategy related to marketing and production because the circumstances and situation in under developed countries is totally different from developed countries. In most of the developing countries advertisement plays a vital role to communicate the message to the target market especially highly populated countries like India. Marketing is very necessary for the growth of a product or brand and get maximum market share in short time. Traditional and non traditional media should be used to achieve the objectives. Production can be started in the countries where you are going to open new stores; this thing will help to reduce the cost of production, time form production houses to outlets and will increase the safety of the products as well. Another considerable advantage of production in India is that Zara can build good relations with local community by offering jobs to local people and can get better understanding about the market and its requirements. The above mentioned factors will contribute a lot in the long run to get more market share and keep Zara in the Indian market. Friendster, 2009, Zaras Profile http://profiles.friendster.com/97785772 [Accessed 05-08-2010] http://managementfunda.com/advertising-types/